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|conventional_long_name = Xia |common_name = Xia dynasty |continent = Asia |region = East Asia |country = China |era = |government_type = Monarchy |year_start = c. 2070 BC |year_end = c. 1600 BC |p1 = |s1 = Shang dynasty |event_start = Established by Yu the Great |event1 = Qi of Xia succeeds the throne |date_event1 = c. 2025 BC |event_end = Jie of Xia falls |date_event = c. 1600 BC |image_map = Xia dynasty.svg |image_map_caption = Proposed location of the Xia dynasty |capital = Yangcheng |common_languages = Old Chinese |leader1 = |leader2 = |year_leader1 = |year_leader2 = |title_leader = King }} The Xia dynasty (; ; c. 2070 – c. 1600 BC) is the first dynasty in traditional Chinese history. It is described in ancient historical chronicles such as the ''Bamboo Annals'', the ''Classic of History'' and the ''Records of the Grand Historian''. According to tradition, the dynasty was established by the legendary Yu the Great〔Mungello, David E. ''The Great Encounter of China and the West, 1500–1800'' Rowman & Littlefield; 3 ed (28 March 2009) ISBN 978-0-7425-5798-7 p. 97.〕 after Shun, the last of the Five Emperors, gave his throne to him. The Xia was later succeeded by the Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BC). According to the traditional chronology based upon calculations by Liu Xin, the Xia ruled between 2205 and 1766 BC; according to the chronology based upon the ''Bamboo Annals'', it ruled between 1989 and 1558 BC. The Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project concluded that the Xia existed between 2070 and 1600 BC. The tradition of tracing Chinese political history from heroic early emperors to the Xia to succeeding dynasties comes from the idea of the Mandate of Heaven, in which only one legitimate dynasty can exist at any given time, and was promoted by the Confucian school in the Eastern Zhou period, later becoming the basic position of imperial historiography and ideology. Although the Xia is an important element in early Chinese history, reliable information on the history of China before 13th century BC can only come from archaeological evidence since China's first established written system on a durable medium, the oracle bone script, did not exist until then.〔Bagley, Robert. "Shang Archaeology." in ''The Cambridge History of Ancient China''. Michael Loewe and Edward Shaughnessy, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.〕 Thus, the concrete existence of the Xia is yet to be proven, despite efforts by Chinese archaeologists to link the Xia with Bronze Age Erlitou archaeological sites.〔Liu, L. & Xiu, H., "Rethinking Erlitou: legend, history and Chinese archaeology", ''Antiquity'', 81:314 (2007) pp. 886–901.〕 ==Traditional accounts== The Xia dynasty was described in classic texts such as the ''Classic of History'' (''Shujing''), the ''Bamboo Annals'', and the ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (''Shiji'') by Sima Qian. According to tradition, the Huaxia were the ancestral people of the Han Chinese. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xia dynasty」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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